Trade effluent is the waste water generated from production processes of any industry. The basic scheme will consists of first passing the trade effluent through a screen chamber for removal of floating materials and then it will flows to next unit i.e. Oil and Fat Removal Tank. From Oil & Fat removal tank, the effluent will be collected to the Collection cum Equalization Tank. Here mixing is done by air through coarse air diffusers. From here the effluent will be transferred to Up-flow anaerobic filter through anaerobic feed pump.
In Anaerobic filter, it is supposed to be drastic reduction in the BOD level at the initial stage itself. In this Anaerobic Filter, PVC plastic media are provided for attachment of bacteria. This media having high void age ratio 97% & high surface area 102 m2/m3 which increase more contact time bacteria to organic matter i.e. BOD. The anaerobically treated effluent by gravity flows to Secondary Biological Treatment i.e. SAFF reactor.
The effluent will be then subjected to aerobic biological treatment in the SAFF Reactor. Here the bacteria oxidize the organic matter to CO2& H2O by the aeration principle.
In this SAFF reactor, PVC plastic media are provided for attachment of bacteria. This media having high void age ratio 97% & high surface area 102 m2/m3 which increase more contact time bacteria to organic matter i.e. BOD. SAFF reactor is fitted with no of fine air diffusers of suitable capacity to provide necessary dissolved oxygen mixed to the effluent. Twin-Lobe Blowers provides the aeration. Nutrients in the form of N & P will be added at Anaerobic as well as in SAFF reactors. In SAFF reactor, minimum Dissolved Oxygen 2 mg/l will be maintained. The SAFF reactor overflow will then be passed through Secondary Tube Settler Tank I & II.
The secondary tube settlers are designed on low overflow rate and are provided after the SAFF reactor to enable separation of solids. A steep slope is provided in the secondary tube settler to eliminate the need of scrapper mechanism. A part of the sludge is recalculated to the SAFF reactor in order to maintain MLSS levels and a part is sent to the Sludge Collection Tank. Overflow of Secondary Tube Settler is sent for Tertiary Treatment.
The clarified effluent from Secondary Tube Settler Tank by gravity will be collected into Filter Feed Tank. The clarified effluent will be pumped from Filter Feed Tank to filtration system. I.e. Pressure Sand Filter followed by Activated carbon Filter for removal of micro-suspensions, colors, odors and trace organic matter. Outlet of ACF is treated effluent.
This treated effluent can be discharge to irrigation/plantation, horticulture etc.
Reverse Osmosis is a process where water is dematerialized using a semi permeable membrane at high pressure. Reverse osmosis is osmosis in reverse. A plant cell is a semi permeable (water flows through the membrane but salts don't) membrane with the living stuff on the inside in a salt solution. Water is drawn into the cell from the outside because pure water will move across a semi permeable membrane to dilute the higher concentration of salt on the inside.
Water softening is the removal of calcium, magnesium, and certain other metal cations in hard water. The resulting soft water is more compatible with soap and extends the lifetime of plumbing. Water softening is usually achieved using lime softening or ion-exchange resins.
The best way to soften water is to use a water softener unit and connect it directly to the water supply.
DM Plant is an Ion exchange technology used to remove salts (cations and anions) from water. Soluble chemical compounds, when dissolved in water, become ionized; that is their molecules dissociate into positively and negatively charged components called ions. Consider common table salt, sodium chloride. In its solid form, this compound consists of one sodium atom (Na) and one chlorine atom (Cl) tightly coupled together (NaCl). When dissolved in water, however, the compound splits into two ions Na+ and Cl- A Typical two-bed DM Plant consists of two FRP vessels connected in series along with its internal fittings. The first unit consists of high capacity strongly acidic cation exchange resin, which converts positive ions of salt and replaces them with hydrogen ions to form respective acids, which are absorbed in next vessel by strongly basic anion exchange resin. The water obtained by this process shows conductivity less than 30 µS/cm and Total Dissolved Solids less than 10 ppm. Further high purity water can be achieved by Mixed Bed Deionizers, which are designed to produce high purity treated water. They can be used as polishing units after two beds DM Plant to obtain high purity water.
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